The document assesses the role of accountability in improving health service delivery in Benin, and identifies strengths, weaknesses and recommendations. Existing health policies recognize the importance of accountability, but lack clear mechanisms for implementing it. Health committees are established at various levels, but accountability capacity is limited among stakeholders. Non-state actors, including civil society organizations, universities and the private sector, are involved in dialogue, but their inclusion remains insufficient, and there is limited monitoring of private practices. Accountability is mainly vertical to supervisors and not very community-oriented; transparency of information produced by providers is limited. Reporting on service delivery is intermittent, and the use of tools and data for decision-making remains weak. The recommendations aim to promote the inclusion of non-state actors, build the capacity of local committees, improve transparency and access to information, develop approaches to involve marginalized populations and include the private sector in the formulation of policies relating to universal health coverage. It is also proposed to improve data management, activate community governance bodies such as COGECS, sanction malpractice and mobilize researchers, media and young people to strengthen social control and citizen confidence. Targeted training and digital tools can support these immediate urgent actions.