This compendium, produced by the African Collaborative Platform for Health Financing Solutions (ACS) in February 2022, brings together tools and experiences aimed at promoting accountability in universal health coverage (UHC) processes in sub-Saharan Africa. It presents a conceptualization of accountability, including the Heaven & Hell Program Theory (HHTP), and details mapping exercises carried out in Benin and Botswana to inventory actors, approaches and mechanisms. The book also documents ACS’s support for social movements, with case studies of the HENNET NGO network in Kenya and the COMVID-COVID movement and DES-ICI platform in Burkina Faso, as well as socio-anthropological studies and the identification of structural obstacles. Capacity-building activities, data collection guides and tools, and a regional seminar in February 2021 dedicated to mapping methods and lessons learned are described. Practical applications show the use of HHTP to guide health insurance projects and national roadmaps, while mappings have fed into adjustments to policies and complaints systems. The main lessons learned emphasize the need for strong political leadership, greater involvement of civil society, rigorous planning and coordination, and an appropriate dissemination strategy to maximize the use of the tools. A list of resources and bibliographical references completes the compendium to facilitate access to the tools and detailed reports. Practical recommendations and courses of action are also included.