This guide presents the process documentation approach applied to Universal Health Coverage in sub-Saharan Africa. It is aimed at national stakeholders involved in the development and implementation of UHC policies, including decision-makers, implementers, providers, civil society actors and researchers. The approach describes four key stages: preparation, systematic recording of events and stakeholders, periodic analysis of a dataset and in-depth analysis to answer a specific policy question. The document describes the roles and responsibilities of the RFP team, team leader, coaches and mentors, data access rights and anonymization and consent measures. It defines an event and distinguishes three levels of events (first, second and third level), and provides templates and forms for recording name, context, content, actors, descriptive and analytical notes, and lessons learned. Methodological principles include flexibility, iteration, accumulation, triangulation and reflexivity. Analysis takes place in three phases: immediate at the time of recording, periodic to interpret a series of recordings, and in-depth to test hypotheses using DP data and other sources. Walt and Gilson’s conceptual framework of the political triangle guides the collection and interpretation of information. Practical guidance is provided on organization, data cleaning, conducting interviews and producing anonymized reports for steering and adapting processes towards the CSU. It also includes additional resources and bibliographical references.